RESEARCH ARTICLE
Epidemiology and Management of Antiretroviral-Associated Cardiovascular Disease
Daniel B Chastain 1, Harold Henderson 2, Kayla R Stover*, 2, 3
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2015Volume: 9
First Page: 23
Last Page: 37
Publisher ID: TOAIDJ-9-23
DOI: 10.2174/1874613601509010023
Article History:
Received Date: 27/1/2015Revision Received Date: 21/2/2015
Acceptance Date: 22/2/2015
Electronic publication date: 31 /3/2015
Collection year: 2015

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Risk and manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) will continue to evolve as improved treatments and life expectancy of these patients increases. Although initiation of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has been shown to reduce this risk, some ARV medications may induce metabolic abnormalities, further compounding the risk of CVD. In this patient population, both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies should be employed to treat and reduce further risk of CVD. This review summarizes epidemiology data of the risk factors and development of CVD in HIV and provides recommendations to manage CVD in HIV-infected patients.